Dr. Daugherty, UH 218
Office hours: M-W, 12:00-1:20; T-R, 1200-12:50, or by appointment.
Tel: 961-3078 (warning: voice mail infrequently checked)
E?mail (preferred; e-mail is checked several times daily): wijid@comcast.net or
daughewi@mail.armstrong.edu.

ACCEPTANCE: Students are responsible for the contents of this syllabus; continued enrollment in this course constitutes awareness and acceptance of all requirements and policies discussed herein.

OVERVIEW: This course examines the development and execution of America Foreign Policy through the roles of the two political branches of government and extra-governmental influences, including foreign actors. Case studies will be relied upon to illustrate the various points emphasized in the class; as such the course is heavily pragmatic and historical, vice theoretical, in presentation.

TEXTS: American Foreign Policy Since World War Two, by Spanier and Hook; United States Foreign Policy: Politics Beyond the Water's Edge, by Snow.

HONOR CODE: All sections of the AASU Student Honor Code and Code of Conduct will apply to this class. Under the Honor Code, plagiarism, cheating, facilitating academic dishonesty, and fabrication in any form or manner are forbidden. Additional restrictions or instructions given in class on any individual assignment, whether verbal or written, will also fall under the Honor Code. Absence from the class when any additional instructions are given is not a valid excuse if a violation of the instructions result in an Honor or Conduct Code violation. Students will also be required sign each examination, which acknowledges that the student has followed the Honor Code and any additional restrictions/instructions given in class. Continued enrollment in the class after receiving this syllabus constitutes acceptance of these provisions.

HONOR VIOLATION POLICY: I will accuse no student of violating the Honor Code unless I can prove beyond a doubt that the student is guilty. At that time, the student will be dropped from the course. His or her name will transmitted to the Dean of Student Affairs along with the proof, for a formal hearing before the Honor Court. Although the Honor Code permits a professor an option to handle the transgression in an "informal" manner vice submitting the case to the Honor Court, I will not do so. Before the Honor Court, I will urge that the student receive the maximum penalty possible, including an F for the semester grade, suspension from the university for one year, and a letter o reprimand included in the student's permanent file.

REQUIREMENTS: There will be a significant amount of reading to facilitate learning, questions, and class discussion. IF YOU ARE NOT ABLE OR DO NOT INTEND TO READ THE MATERIAL, YOU WOULD BE BETTER OFF DROPPING THE CLASS BECAUSE YOUR CHANCES OF PASSING WILL BE VERY SLIM. LIKEWISE, IF YOU DO NOT INTEND TO PARTICIPATE IN CLASS, YOU SHOULD NOT TAKE THIS COURSE. Throughout the term we will be discussing issues in American foreign policy. To be better informed of these events, you should watch national news programs daily as well read or review the New York Times and Washington Post websites.

PAPERS: You will be required to write three papers for this course, format guidance for which will be passed out separately. Failure to follow the format instructions will reduce your grade. The subjects of the papers are discussed at the end of this syllabus. Because you know the general subject matter of the papers and their due dates on the first day of class, you will have more than ample time for research and writing. Therefore, late papers will not be accepted and will receive a grade of 0 - late being defined as one minute past the date/time the paper is due. There will be no extensions and no exemptions.
GRADING: Your course grade will be determined by the aggregate scores on the three papers, with the first paper worth 75 points, the second worth 125 points, and the final paper 200 points, for a total of 400 possible points. A = 360-400 pts; B = 320-259; C = 280-319; D = 240-279.

CLASS PARTICIPATION: The minimal accepted level of class participation includes attending class, arriving at class on time (habitual lateness is disrespectful to classmates and professor alike), being prepared for class by reading the assigned material, staying awake, taking notes, and looking interested. It will be a serious mistake to leave the impression that you don't care about this class, if for no other reason than that's probably the same extent to which I'll care about your grade. In short, if you're not interested in the class, don't waste my time and yours by remaining in it. Students who participate frequently by asking questions and engaging in debates and discussions, may have their grade elevated as much as one full letter, at my discretion, based on my judgment of the value of that participation.

ABSENCE POLICY: You are permitted four absences. On the fifth, you will be dropped from the course with a WF.

SYLLABUS:

Note: Students are required to read the Hook and Spanier book in its entirety prior to the third week of the course. While you will not be formally tested on the material in it, it provides an excellent general background on key figures in American foreign policy, as well as events that shaped our world - in short, information you should know to gain a full understanding of the material presented in the course. Any student who is not sufficiently interested in the course to read this volume on this basis alone, or who does not possess the necessary self-discipline to do so, is also probably not serious or interested enough in the subject to do well in the class. If this is the case, you should not be in this class.

The Nature of American Foreign Policy.
Constitutional and historical underpinnings: Constitution of the United States
The American approach to foreign policy (lecture)
The use of power in the exercise of foreign policy (lecture)

Who Makes American Foreign Policy?
The President and Congress (chapters 4, 6)
Defense Department, the Intelligence Community, State Department (chapter 5)
Interagency Coordination (lecture)
The Federal Courts (lecture)

Domestic Influences on Foreign Policy
Outside Influences (chapters 7, 8)

Stumbling Blocks to Good Policy Making (all lecture)
Folly
Poor Judgment
Group Think
Defective Decision Making

Decision Making (lecture)
Rational Actor
Incremental
Organizational Theory (i.e., Bureaucratic Politics)

Crisis Management
Organizing for Crisis (lecture)

Security In a Changed World
Issues and cases (chapter 9)

PAPER ONE: You will be give the name of an individual who is or was important in American foreign policy; you are to write a 2-3 page paper on this individual highlighting the role that s/he played in American foreign policy, particularly important contributions. This paper is due by 11:00, Monday, 3 October.

PAPER TWO: You will be given an event of importance in American foreign policy; you will write a 2-3 page paper giving the history of this event, discussing its importance at the time it occurred, and finishing with an evaluation of it with the passage of time (i.e., something of a "rest of the story" treatment). This paper is due by 11:00 Monday, 14 November.

PAPER THREE: You will write a 5-6 page paper on an event in American foreign policy of your choosing. Your focus will be on the decision-making processes in the White House and executive branch: the options presented to the president by which agency or individuals, the positives and negatives of these options as viewed by the president and his advisors, the debates among the principals and their deputies in either reaching a consensus or attempting to convince the president to follow their advice; the decision made by the president, what happened afterward, and, finally, how the event is seen in historical perspective. This paper is due by 11:00, Wednesday, 30 November.

CLASS ASSIGNMENT:

1. Go the website of the Federation of American Scientists, official documents page (www.fas.org/irp/offdocs).

2. Click on "Presidential Directives and Executive Orders"

3. Locate and print out the following:

PD/NSC-6 (15 March 1977)
PD/NSC-37 (11 May 1978)
NSDD-3 (14 Dec 1981)
NSDD-26 (16 March 1982)
NSDD-57 (17 Sept 1982)
NSD-18 (21 Aug 1989)
NSD-25 (22 Sept 1989)
PDD-35 (2 March 1995)
PDD-39 (21 June 1995)
NSPD-1 (13 Feb 2001)

Executive Order 12333
Executive 13228

4. Read them carefully and determine what the document is intended to achieve or do.

5. Remember what you read (or take notes) and be ready to discuss them by the 4th week of class.